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    History

    AJMER JUDGESHIP

    Before the merger of Ajmer judgeship into Rajasthan it was called Ajmer – Merwara emperor.

    • At the time of Ajmer – Merwara State the appointment of Judicial Commissioner was done by the Governor General u/s 3 of the Ajmer Courts Regulation Act 1926.This regulation was published on 2nd Oct.1926 under the constitution of India.
    • Earlier the court of Judicial Commissioner was operated from “sukh Niwas”. At present the office of Director,Ayurved is running in that building.From the building of Sukh Niwas this office has been shifted to the ground floor of circuit house Ajmer.
    • Under Ajmer Court Regulation 1926, Mr. W.T.W. Baker (I.C.S.) has been appointed as the first Judicial Commissioner of Ajmer in the year 1926. Last Judicial Commissioner in the series was Mr. B.N Nigam in year 1955.In the year 1950-51 Shri Atma Charan was the Judicial Commissioner of Ajmer, prior to that he was on the position of Sessions Judge and has given Life sentence to Nathu Ram Godse(the murderer of Mahatma Gandhi).
    • The decision of Ajmer Judgeship was been published in Ajmer Merwara Journal and was published by District Bar Association , Ajmer.

    The Structure of courts in Ajmer-Merwara state from 1877 to 1926 as per the Ajmer courts Regulation 1877 are as under :

    CIVIL COURT

    • The Court of the Chief Commissioner.
    • The Court of Commissioner and the court of Additional District Judge (after 1914) (unlimited jurisdiction)
    • The courts of subordinate judges of the first class (jurisdiction upto Rs. 10,000)
    • The courts of subordinate judges of the second class (jurisdiction upto Rs. 500)
    • The court of the Munsiff (jurisdiction upto Rs. 100)

    Below mentioned the hierarchy of the decision of the appeal :

    • THE CHIEF COMMISSIONER
    • COMMISSIONER
    • SUBORDINATE JUDGE 1ST CLASS
    • SUBORDINATE JUDGE 2ND CLASS/MUNSIFF COURT
    • (Movement from bottom to top)

    CRIMINAL COURT:-

    The Chief Commissioner has got all powers of High Court under CPC 1898. The Commissioner was both District Magistrate & Sessions Judge. The appeal of all the decisions of Commissioner was at Chief Commissioner’s court. The Chief Commissioner can appoint ADJ as Additional Session Judge also who can use the powers of the chief Commissioner. The structure of civil & criminal courts after Ajmer court Regulation Act 1926 (Regulation No.ix 1926) are as under :

    Civil Courts.

    • The courts of Judicial Commissioner.
    • District Judge and Additional District Judge (unlimited jurisdiction).
    • Subordinate judges of the 1st class (cases upto Rs. 10,000) (The appeal of the decree of Rs. Upto 5000 is with DJ or ADJ and appeal above Rs.5000 is with Judicial Commissioner).
    • Subordinate Judges of the 2nd class (cases upto Rs. 500) (Appeal to the District Court).
    • Munsiff court (cases upto Rs. 100) (appeal to subordinate judge 1st class). Any Subordinate Judge can be given the power of court of small causes (“KHAFIFA COURT”)

    Criminal Court

    • Judicial Commissioner (The power of High Court).
    • The Commissioner act as a District Magistrate and Session Judge (only in case if Session Judge has not been appointed by the Governor General)
    • This position continued till the merger of Ajmer Merwara into Rajasthan